How is peak wind speed reported in a METAR?

Peak wind speed in a METAR is reported as the maximum instantaneous speed recorded since the last METAR observation. This means that it represents the highest gust of wind that has been detected, providing pilots and air traffic controllers with critical information about potential wind hazards. Knowing the peak wind speed helps in understanding the current weather conditions and making informed decisions related to aviation operations.

This data is particularly significant during takeoff and landing phases, where strong gusts could impact aircraft handling.

Other methods of reporting wind, such as averages over certain time frames or specific observations at the time of reporting, are distinct from the METAR's focus on maximum gust speeds, which emphasize peak conditions relevant for safety and operational planning.