What is a migrating stream of high-speed winds at high altitudes called?

A migrating stream of high-speed winds at high altitudes is referred to as a jet stream. Jet streams are swift flows of air located in the upper levels of the atmosphere, usually at altitudes between 30,000 and 40,000 feet. They can reach speeds of over 200 miles per hour and typically flow from west to east due to the rotation of the Earth and the thermal differences between the equator and the poles.

The jet stream plays a significant role in weather patterns by influencing the movement of weather systems across the globe. Their presence can affect flight paths, leading to either beneficial tailwinds or headwinds for aircraft. Understanding jet streams is essential for air traffic control, as they impact flight safety and efficiency.

In contrast, air currents can refer to any movement of air, including those at lower altitudes. Trade winds are persistent winds that blow from east to west in the tropics, while thermals are updrafts of warm air, primarily responsible for the vertical movement of air near the Earth's surface. These terms describe different atmospheric phenomena and are not specifically characterized by the high-speed, high-altitude nature of jet streams.