Which wind effect can longer landing rolls indicate?

Longer landing rolls are typically indicative of a tailwind. When an aircraft lands with a tailwind, it experiences increased ground speed upon touchdown, which results in a longer distance required to decelerate and come to a complete stop. This happens because the tailwind pushes the aircraft forward, reducing the effectiveness of braking and requiring the pilot to use more distance to slow down.

In contrast, a headwind would reduce the ground speed at landing, leading to a shorter landing roll. A crosswind mainly affects the aircraft's lateral control during the landing but does not significantly extend the landing roll distance. Variable winds can complicate landing conditions but do not consistently correlate to longer landing rolls in the same manner that a tailwind does. Hence, the correct understanding aligns with the relationship between tailwind conditions and increased landing roll distances.